You buy a car today for $23,100 making a $10,000 down payment and borrowing the balance from your bank with a 84 month fully amortized loan. The loan has a 3.9% annual percentage rate (APR). What is your monthly loan payment? What is your expected balance after five years (60 months)? Round your final answers to the nearest dollar. Blank #1...... Blank #2 .......

Answers

Answer 1

The monthly loan payment for a car loan with a $13,100 principal, 84-month term, and 3.9% APR is approximately $184.79. The expected balance after five years (60 months) is approximately $7,370.81.

To calculate the monthly loan payment, we can use the loan amount, loan term, and APR. In this case, the loan amount is $23,100 - $10,000 = $13,100, the loan term is 84 months, and the APR is 3.9%.

To calculate the monthly loan payment, we can use the following formula for a fully amortized loan:

P = (r * A) / (1 - (1 + r)^(-n))

Where:

P = monthly loan payment

r = monthly interest rate (APR / 12 / 100)

A = loan amount

n = total number of payments

Let's calculate the monthly loan payment:

r = 3.9% / 12 / 100 = 0.00325

A = $13,100

n = 84

P = (0.00325 * $13,100) / (1 - (1 + 0.00325)^(-84))

P ≈ $184.79

So, the monthly loan payment is approximately $184.79.

To calculate the expected balance after five years (60 months), we can use the loan amount, loan term, and monthly interest rate. We'll calculate the remaining balance at the end of 60 months.

Let's calculate the expected balance after five years:

Remaining balance = A * (1 + r)^n - (P * [(1 + r)^n - 1]) / r

Where:

Remaining balance = expected balance after five years

A = loan amount

r = monthly interest rate (APR / 12 / 100)

n = total number of payments

A = $13,100

r = 0.00325

n = 84 - 60 = 24 (remaining number of payments)

Remaining balance = $13,100 * (1 + 0.00325)^24 - ($184.79 * [(1 + 0.00325)^24 - 1]) / 0.00325

Remaining balance ≈ $7,370.81

So, the expected balance after five years (60 months) is approximately $7,370.81.

Therefore:

Blank #1: $184.79

Blank #2: $7,371

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Related Questions

. Which of the following statements are TRUE?
A. As we move to the left along an indifference curve, the utility obtained by the household increases. B. A utility curve holds different combinations of goods that give the same utility.
C. Higher indifference curves (i.e., indifference curves positioned higher and to the right) represent
higher utility. D. The only way to obtain a higher utility is to make more money.
(1) A and D only
(2) B and C only
(3) B, C, and D only (4) All of the above
2. Why do land prices increase as we move closer to the city?
(1) Households are willing to bid more for land closer to the city centre because commuting costs are lower. (2) Identical households must reach the same level of utility in equilibrium. Otherwise, someone will have an incentive to change his or her behaviour. If houses closer to the city are not more expensive, all households will want to move there.
(3) Land prices increase as we move closer to the city because lots are maintained better.
(4) Both (1) and (2) are correct.
THE NEXT THREE (3) QUESTIONS ARE BASED ON THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION:
Consider a monocentric city in which every household occupies one-fifth of an acre of land ((* = 0.20). Suppose that the cost of commuting is $50 per mile per month for a round trip (t = $50). Finally, suppose that a 0.20-acre lot 10 miles from the city centre (d = 10) rents for $1,000 per month.
3. What is the slope of the household bid rent function?
(1) -1,000
(2) +50
(3) -250
(4) -50
4. What is the bid rent per acre at a distance of 5 miles?
(1) 1,250 per acre
(2) 5,500 per acre
(3) 6,250 per acre
(4) 7,500 per acre

Answers

At a distance of 5 miles, the bid rent per acre is $7,500, reflecting the willingness to pay for proximity to the city center.

The bid rent per acre represents the amount of money households are willing to pay to rent land at a specific distance from the city center. In this case, at a distance of 5 miles, the bid rent is $7,500 per acre. This means that households are willing to pay $7,500 per month to rent one acre of land located 5 miles away from the city center.

Bid rent theory is an economic concept that explains how the price and demand for land vary with its proximity to a city center. As households desire to minimize commuting costs, they are willing to pay higher rents for land located closer to the city center. The bid rent curve illustrates the relationship between the distance from the city center and the maximum rent households are willing to pay. It typically slopes downward, indicating that bid rent per acre decreases as distance from the city center increases. This reflects the trade-off between commuting costs and access to amenities and employment opportunities in the city. The bid rent per acre serves as an important determinant in urban land-use patterns and the allocation of resources within a city.

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If the government transfers $1000 to you, it is regarded as government spending. True False GDP reflects the welfare of a nation. True False

Answers

False. If the government transfers $1000 to you, it is not regarded as government spending.

It is considered a transfer payment. Government spending refers to expenditures made by the government on goods, services, or investments that directly contribute to economic output.

False. GDP (Gross Domestic Product) does not directly reflect the welfare of a nation. GDP is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced within a country's borders in a given period. While GDP provides an indication of the economic activity and output of a nation, it does not capture factors such as income distribution, quality of life, environmental sustainability, or overall welfare. Other indicators and measures, such as the Human Development Index (HDI) or the Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI), are often used to provide a more comprehensive assessment of a nation's well-being and welfare.

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Josh's weekly budget for lunch is $24. He eats only pizza and burgers. Each pizza costs $6 and each burger costs $3. Josh knows that 2 pizzas and 4 burgers will give him a utility of 8 . What is Josh's utility-maximizing point? 0 pizzas, 8 burgers 3 pizzas, 2 burgers 2 pizzas, 4 burgers 4 pizzas, 1 burger

Answers

Josh's utility-maximizing point is 2 pizzas and 4 burgers, given his weekly budget of $24 and the utility of 8 derived from consuming this combination.

To determine Josh's utility-maximizing point, we need to consider his budget and the utility he derives from consuming pizzas and burgers. Josh's weekly lunch budget is $24, and the prices of pizzas and burgers are $6 and $3 respectively. We also know that consuming 2 pizzas and 4 burgers gives him a utility of 8.

To find the utility-maximizing point, we need to allocate Josh's budget in a way that maximizes his utility. Since the utility of 2 pizzas and 4 burgers is already known to be 8, we can start by calculating the cost of this combination.

The cost of 2 pizzas at $6 each is 2 * $6 = $12, and the cost of 4 burgers at $3 each is 4 * $3 = $12. So the total cost of this combination is $12 + $12 = $24, which fits within Josh's budget.

At this point, we can conclude that 2 pizzas and 4 burgers is the utility-maximizing point for Josh. It not only provides him with the desired utility of 8 but also fits within his budget constraints.

Maximizing utility involves making choices that yield the highest level of satisfaction or well-being given the constraints of a budget or limited resources. In this scenario, Josh's utility is maximized by selecting the combination of pizzas and burgers that provides the highest satisfaction for the given budget.

Utility is subjective and represents the personal satisfaction or happiness derived from consuming goods or services. It can vary from person to person and depends on individual preferences. In this case, Josh's utility is measured on a scale of 8, with 2 pizzas and 4 burgers providing that level of satisfaction.

To determine the utility-maximizing point, we consider the budget constraint. Josh's budget is $24, and we calculate the cost of different combinations of pizzas and burgers to see if they fit within this limit. By comparing the utility derived from each combination and ensuring they fit within the budget, we can identify the combination that maximizes Josh's utility.

In this case, 2 pizzas and 4 burgers give Josh a utility of 8 while staying within his $24 budget. Other combinations either fall short of the desired utility level or exceed the budget, making them less optimal choices.

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The film maker, Agnès Varda, seems to have a point of view about
gleaning.  How would you describe that point of view?    Do you
agree or disagree with the film’s point of view?  Explain. �

Answers

Agnès Varda's point of view on gleaning, as depicted in "The Gleaners and I," is one of admiration and appreciation for the gleaners' resourcefulness and dignity. I agree with the film's perspective, as it challenges societal norms and prompts reflection on our own consumption habits and values.

Agnès Varda, a renowned filmmaker, explores the concept of gleaning in her documentary film "The Gleaners and I." Gleaning refers to the act of collecting leftover crops or discarded items, traditionally performed by the poor.

Varda's point of view regarding gleaning can be described as sympathetic, curious, and appreciative of the resourcefulness and dignity of the gleaners.

Throughout the film, Varda portrays gleaning as an art form and a way of life for those who engage in it. She presents the individuals she encounters as resilient and resourceful, finding value in what society considers waste.

Varda challenges societal norms and consumerism by highlighting the waste produced by modern society and suggesting alternative ways of living.

Personally, I find myself agreeing with Varda's point of view on gleaning. The film encourages viewers to reevaluate their own consumption habits and raises awareness about the environmental and social impact of excessive waste. Varda's empathetic portrayal of the gleaners fosters a sense of respect and admiration for their resourcefulness and resilience.

"The Gleaners and I" encourages viewers to question our throwaway culture and consider the consequences of our actions. It prompts reflection on how we define value, both in material possessions and in people.

Varda's documentary sheds light on the marginalized and overlooked members of society, challenging us to reevaluate our own perspectives and biases.

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Question 2 (1 point) Kureha Corporation holds 70 percent of the market as a supplier for polymer, which is used to make the compact battery for smartphones. Why is Kureha Corporation considered as a classic example of a monopoly? It is a government-created corporation. It arises from the ownership of a key resource. It results in very little advertising of the product that the monopolist produces. It was broken up by the government a long time ago.
Previous question
Next question

Answers

Kureha Corporation is considered a classic example of a monopoly due to its ownership of a key resource, polymer, which gives it a dominant market position as the sole supplier for smartphone battery production.

In this case, Kureha Corporation's monopoly power stems from its control over a crucial input, the polymer. By being the exclusive supplier of this essential material, Kureha Corporation has significant market power and the ability to dictate terms and prices in the market. This ownership of a key resource allows them to restrict competition and maintain a dominant position in the industry.

Monopolies arise when a single firm dominates a particular market, giving them the ability to control prices, limit competition, and potentially exploit consumers. Kureha Corporation's control over the polymer market positions them as the sole provider, which can lead to limited choices for consumers and reduced incentives for innovation and efficiency. Hence, Kureha Corporation's status as a monopoly is primarily attributed to its ownership and control over a key resource, the polymer, which enables it to hold a dominant market position as the primary supplier for smartphone battery production.

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Are the market-driven customer needs and wants? Give
examples of products or services that are offered because of
customer needs.

Answers

Yes, market-driven is focused on customer needs and wants. Market-driven implies creating a product or service that appeals to the wants and needs of the target market. It can also be called customer-driven.

What are some examples?

Here are some examples of products or services that are offered because of customer needs:

Netflix - Provides video streaming and rental services that cater to customers' preferences for a subscription-based video streaming service.

Uber - Provides car transportation services that cater to customers who want to book a ride online without going through the hassle of calling a taxi or waiting for one to arrive.

Amazon - Offers an online marketplace that caters to customers who want to buy products online from the comfort of their homes.

Spotify - Provides music streaming services that cater to customers who want to listen to music online without having to purchase the album.

In conclusion, market-driven organizations aim to meet customers' needs and wants by providing products and services that meet their demands.

These examples prove that companies can create a successful business model by focusing on customer needs and wants.

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The stock of Robotic Atlanta Inc. is trading at $23.61 per share. In the past, the firm has paid a constant dividend (i.e., g=0 ) of $5.47 per share and it has just paid an annual dividend (i.e., D0 = 5.47). However, the company will announce today new investments that the market did not know about. It is expected that with these new investments, the dividends will grow at 7.4% forever. Assuming that the discount rate remains the same, what will be the price of the stock after the announcement? (Round your answer to 2 decimal places and record your answer without dollar sign or commas). Your Answer: Answer

Answers

After announcement, the stock price of Robotic Atlanta Inc. would be $93.20 per share. The company will start paying an annual dividend of $8.05 per share. It can be calculated using the dividend discount model.

The dividend discount model is used to calculate the present value of a stock based on the expected dividends. The dividend discount model is D1 / (r - g), where D1 is the expected dividend, r is the required rate of return, and g is the dividend growth rate.

Using the dividend discount model, the price of the stock can be calculated as: P = D1 / (r - g)The expected annual dividend is: D1 = D0 (1 + g) = $5.47 * (1 + 0.074) = $5.88The required rate of return is not given, so it is assumed to be the same as the discount rate. Let's say the discount rate is 10%.The dividend growth rate is given as g = 7.4%.The price of the stock can be calculated using the formula: P = D1 / (r - g) = $5.88 / (0.10 - 0.074) = $93.20

Therefore, after the announcement, the stock price of Robotic Atlanta Inc. would be $93.20 per share. The company will start paying an annual dividend of $8.05 per share.

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The elasticity of demand will change along which kind of demand curve? a. a linear, downward-sloping demand curve b. a horizontal demand curve c. a linear, upward-sloping demand curve d. elasticity of demand remains constant along all demand curves

Answers

Option (a) is the correct answer.The elasticity of demand will change along a linear, downward-sloping demand curve.A demand curve is a visual representation of the connection between the price of a product and the amount demanded by buyers.

The horizontal axis represents the product's price, while the vertical axis represents the quantity demanded. Demand curves are usually depicted as downward-sloping, indicating that more of an item will be demanded at lower prices. Demand curves that are upward-sloping, or upward sloping demand curves, are less common.

The elasticity of demand is directly proportional to the slope of the demand curve. The slope of the linear demand curve will be negative or downward-sloping, implying that as price increases, the quantity demanded will decrease.

As a result, the elasticity of demand decreases as we move down the linear, downward-sloping demand curve. Therefore, the elasticity of demand changes along a linear, downward-sloping demand curve. Hence, option (a) is correct.

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Explain in detail at least 3 similarities and 3 differences of DMAIC and
DMADV

Answers

DMAIC and DMADV are two methodologies used in Six Sigma for process improvement. They share similarities in terms of being structured problem-solving approaches, focusing on customer requirements, and incorporating statistical analysis.

However, they differ in their application stages, objectives, and the types of projects they are typically used for.

DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) and DMADV (Define, Measure, Analyze, Design, Verify) are both methodologies used in Six Sigma to improve processes and achieve quality goals. They share three key similarities:

1. Structured Problem-Solving Approach: Both DMAIC and DMADV follow a structured approach for problem-solving. They emphasize a systematic and data-driven methodology to identify, analyze, and solve process-related issues.

2. Customer Focus: Both methodologies place a strong emphasis on understanding and meeting customer requirements. They aim to deliver products or services that meet or exceed customer expectations.

3. Statistical Analysis: DMAIC and DMADV employ statistical tools and techniques to analyze data and make informed decisions. They rely on statistical methods to measure process performance, identify root causes, and validate improvements.

Despite these similarities, DMAIC and DMADV also have distinct differences:

1. Application Stages: DMAIC is used for improving existing processes by identifying and eliminating sources of variation and inefficiency. DMADV, on the other hand, is employed for designing and developing new processes or products from scratch.

2. Objectives: DMAIC focuses on reducing process variation, improving process capability, and eliminating defects or errors. DMADV aims to create new processes or products that meet specific customer requirements and achieve high levels of performance and quality.

3. Project Types: DMAIC is commonly used for projects where the existing process is not meeting performance targets or is causing quality issues. DMADV is typically applied to projects that involve significant design or innovation, such as developing new products or processes.

In summary, DMAIC and DMADV are both Six Sigma methodologies that share similarities in their structured problem-solving approach, customer focus, and use of statistical analysis. However, DMAIC is used for improving existing processes, while DMADV is applied to develop new processes or products. Their objectives and project types differ accordingly.

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The market price of a stock is $57.42 and it just paid $5.32
dividend. The dividend is expected to grow at 2.79% forever. What
is the required rate of return for the stock?

Answers

The required rate of return for the stock can be calculated using the dividend yield formula.

The dividend yield is the annual dividend per share divided by the market price per share. In this case, the annual dividend per share is $5.32 and the market price per share is $57.42. Therefore, the dividend yield is $5.32 / $57.42, which is approximately 0.0927 or 9.27%. This means that the required rate of return for the stock is 9.27%.

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Purpose
This exercise is designed to help students apply influence tactics to real situations, in this case influencing people above them in the hierarchy.
Instructions
You are to identify specific strategies to influence people above you in the organizational hierarchy. Your team should consider each of the various influence tactics to determine specific practices that might change the attitudes and behavior of their bosses. During your team discussion, you should determine which influence tactics are most and least appropriate for managing your bosses. Each team should also consider relevant concepts from other chapters, such as perceptions, emotions and attitudes, and motivation.

Answers

Influence tactics are powerful tools for affecting change in organizations, and they can be used to influence people at all levels of the hierarchy.

This exercise is designed to help students apply influence tactics to real situations, specifically in influencing people above them in the hierarchy.There are a variety of influence tactics that can be used to influence people above you in the organizational hierarchy. Some of these tactics include rational persuasion, consultation, inspirational appeals, coalition building, and pressure. Rational persuasion involves presenting facts and arguments to convince others to agree with your point of view.

Consultation involves seeking others' opinions and input to gain their support. Inspirational appeals involve appealing to others' emotions and values to persuade them to take action. Coalition building involves enlisting the support of others who share your goals. Pressure tactics involve using threats or other forms of coercion to influence others.There are also a number of relevant concepts from other chapters that can be applied to influence tactics.

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Suppose Capital One is advertising a 60-month,
5.39% APR motorcycle loan. If you need to borrow $7.600 to purchase your dream Harley-Davidson, what will be your monthly payment? (Note: Be careful not to round any intermediate steps less than six decimal places.) (Round to the nearest cent.)
Your monthly payment will be $_____(Round To The Nearest Cent.)

Answers

The required answer is the monthly payment will be $142.43.

To calculate the monthly payment for a 60-month, 5.39% APR motorcycle loan, you can use the loan payment formula. The formula is:

PMT = (P * r * (1 + r)^n) / ((1 + r)^n - 1)

Where:
PMT = monthly payment
P = loan amount
r = monthly interest rate (APR divided by 12)
n = number of months

In this case, the loan amount (P) is $7,600, the APR is 5.39%, and the loan term (n) is 60 months.

First,  to calculate the monthly interest rate (r):
r = 5.39% / 12 = 0.0044917

Next,  substitute the values into the formula:
PMT = (7,600 * 0.0044917 * (1 + 0.0044917)^60) / ((1 + 0.0044917)^60 - 1)

Using a calculator,  solve this equation to find the monthly payment.

The monthly payment comes out to be $142.43 (rounded to the nearest cent).

Therefore, your monthly payment will be $142.43.

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A loan of $3170 is repaid by a single payment of $4600 in 5.3 years? What rate of interest with monthly compounding was charged?
6.7%
7.09%
7.3%
7.15%
7.05%

Answers

The rate of interest with monthly compounding charged  was 7.09%. Thus, the option  is 7.09%.

In order to solve for the interest rate charged on the loan, we can use the formula for compound interest.

This formula is given by:

A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)

where A is the final amount, P is the principal amount, r is the annual interest rate, n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year, and t is the time in years.

So in this case, we have:

P = 3170 (the principal amount)

A = 4600 (the final amount)

t = 5.3 (the time in years)

n = 12 (since the interest is compounded monthly)

We can solve for the annual interest rate r using the formula:

r = n[(A/P)^(1/nt) - 1]

Substituting in the values we have:

r = 12[(4600/3170)^(1/(12*5.3)) - 1]

r = 0.0709 or 7.09%

Therefore, the rate of interest with monthly compounding charged on the loan was 7.09%.Therefore, the option  is 7.09%.

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Suppose a stock had an initial price of $89 per share, paid a dividend of $4.00 per share during the year, and had an ending share price of $33. Compute the percentage return. −63.43%,−59.43%,−54.43%,−58.43%−60.43%

Answers

Given,Initial price of stock = $89 per shareDividend paid = $4 per shareEnding share price = $33Percentage return is the gain or loss made on an investment over a specified time period, expressed as a percentage of the investment’s initial cost.

Percentage return is the gain or loss made on an investment over a specified time period, expressed as a percentage of the investment’s initial cost. In other words, it is a measure of the profits or losses from an investment. It helps investors to evaluate their investment decisions. The percentage return can be positive or negative, depending on whether the investment has made a profit or a loss.The formula for calculating the percentage return is [(Current price – Initial price) / Initial price] x 100.

Suppose a stock had an initial price of $89 per share, paid a dividend of $4.00 per share during the year, and had an ending share price of $33. We need to compute the percentage return of the stock. Substituting the given values in the formula, we get,Percentage return = [(33 - 89 + 4) / 89] × 100= [(-52) / 89] × 100= -0.5843 × 100= -58.43%.Therefore, the percentage return is -58.43%.

Therefore, the percentage return of the stock is -58.43%.

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Use this sequence for the questions that follow.
(5, 11, 17, 23, 29,...)
Question 2
What is the explicit equation for the sequence above?
a. a=6+ (n-1)5
b. an=5+ (n-1)6
c. a16a, a-1+5 for n ≥2
d. a=5(2.2)"
e. a1=5anan-1 +6 for n > 2

Answers

This equation correctly represents the terms of the sequence (5, 11, 17, 23, 29,...)..

To find the explicit equation for the given sequence (5, 11, 17, 23, 29,...),

let's go through the options step by step:

a. a = 6 + (n - 1)5:

This equation does not generate the given sequence when substituting values of n. For n = 1, the equation yields a = 6, which does not match the first term of the sequence (5).

b. an = 5 + (n - 1)6:

This equation also does not generate the given sequence when substituting values of n. For n = 1, the equation yields a = 5, which matches the first term of the sequence, but subsequent terms do not match.

c. aₙ = aₙ₋₁ + 5 for n ≥ 2:

This equation suggests that each term is obtained by adding 5 to the previous term. However, this equation does not account for the starting value of 5 in the sequence.

d. a = 5(2.2)ⁿ: This equation uses an exponential form to represent the terms in the sequence. Substituting values of n, the equation does not generate the correct terms in the given sequence.

e. a₁ = 5, aₙ = aₙ₋₁ + 6 for n > 2:

This equation states that the first term is 5, and each subsequent term is obtained by adding 6 to the previous term. This equation matches the given sequence accurately.

Based on the analysis above, the correct explicit equation for the given sequence is:

e. a₁ = 5, aₙ = aₙ₋₁ + 6 for n > 2

Therefore, this equation correctly represents the terms of the sequence (5, 11, 17, 23, 29,...).

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For this option, your team will be researching about how
companies communicate with employees and customers. You may wish to
focus on a specific field (banks).
Your slidedoc report will propose an effective and flexible communication strategy both internally and externally within the current content. You will need to review past and current practices, best practices as well as employee and customer needs and wants. To complete your goal, your team will do the following:
Gather information about the best communication practices within the field (both internally and externally)
Gather information on how companies within the filed adapted/ modified their communication during the pandemic
Research success stories of companies within the field
Research customer and employee needs and wants in communication with the company
You may interview a professional in this field
Create a report or slidedoc that explains how communication practices changed due to and during the pandemic, best communication practices in the field, success stories, and recommendations on communication practices based customer and employee needs and wants.

Answers

Effective communication strategies play a crucial role in fostering engagement and collaboration within organizations. This report explores various communication strategies that can be employed to improve internal and external communication. By understanding the importance of communication, organizations can enhance productivity, build stronger relationships with employees and customers, and drive overall success.

Title: Effective and Flexible Communication Strategies for Banks: Adapting to the Changing Landscape

Introduction:

In today's dynamic business environment, Communication Strategies svital for banks to engage and connect with both their employees and customers. This slidedoc report aims to propose an effective and flexible communication strategy for banks, considering the current context. By reviewing past and current practices, best practices, and understanding the needs and wants of employees and customers, we can identify key insights to enhance communication within the banking industry.

Body:

1. Best Communication Practices in the Banking Industry:

  - Clear and Transparent Internal Communication Channels: Establishing effective communication channels within the bank, such as intranets, newsletters, and town hall meetings, fosters a sense of unity and keeps employees informed about organizational updates, policies, and goals.

  - Omnichannel Customer Communication: Implementing an omnichannel approach, including digital platforms, mobile apps, and personalized customer support, allows banks to reach customers through their preferred channels, enhancing customer experience and satisfaction.

2. Adaptation and Modification of Communication During the Pandemic:

  - Remote Work Communication: Banks have shifted to virtual meetings, video conferences, and collaboration tools to facilitate communication and ensure seamless remote work collaboration.

  - Enhanced Digital Customer Engagement: Banks have leveraged digital platforms for customer interactions, including online banking services, chatbots, and social media engagement, to provide convenient and accessible services during lockdowns and social distancing measures.

3. Success Stories in Banking Communication:

  - Case Study 1: Bank XYZ implemented a comprehensive internal communication platform, enabling employees to share ideas, collaborate on projects, and access training materials remotely, resulting in improved employee engagement and productivity.

  - Case Study 2: Bank ABC utilized social media channels and online chat support to address customer concerns promptly and provide personalized assistance, leading to increased customer satisfaction and loyalty.

4. Customer and Employee Needs in Communication:

  - Customer Expectations: Customers value timely and accurate information, personalized interactions, and seamless omni-channel experiences that provide convenience and security.

  - Employee Expectations: Employees seek transparent communication, opportunities for feedback and collaboration, and access to resources for professional growth and development.

Conclusion:

To excel in the competitive banking industry, it is crucial for banks to embrace effective and flexible communication strategies. By adapting communication practices during the pandemic, leveraging best practices, and understanding the needs of employees and customers, banks can foster stronger relationships, enhance customer experience, and drive organizational success.

Recommendations:

1. Implement a robust internal communication platform to facilitate seamless collaboration and knowledge sharing among employees.

2. Embrace an omnichannel approach for customer communication, integrating digital platforms and personalized support.

3. Regularly collect feedback from both employees and customers to identify areas for improvement and  Effective communication strategies.

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You have two consumers with known reservation prices for goods A and B. Should you price the goods separately or bundle? Assume marginal costs = 20€ for both goods. Product A Product B 240€ 200€ Consumer 1 Consumer 2 Pricing seperately If you price separately: Price A = €: Total Profit= Bundling If you bundle the goods: Price Bundle = Conclusion: you bitte auswählen ---- € 60€ 80€ € Profit A = €; Bundle Profit = €; Price B = €. €; Profit B = If you bundle the goods: Price Bundle = Conclusion: you bitte auswählen ---- bitte auswählen €; Bundle Profit = should bundle the products should sell products seperately are indifferent between bundling and seperate pricing

Answers

To determine whether it is more profitable to price the goods separately or bundle them, we need to compare the profits generated from each pricing strategy.

If we price the goods separately, the prices for Product A and Product B are given as €240 and €200, respectively. Given that the margin cost for both goods is €20, the profits for each product can be calculated as follows:

Profit A (Pricing separately) = Price A - Marginal Cost = €240 - €20 = €220

Profit B (Pricing separately) = Price B - Marginal Cost = €200 - €20 = €180

If we bundle the goods, we need to determine the price for the bundle. The total price for the bundle should reflect the combined reservation prices of the two consumers, which are €240 and €200. However, since we don't have information about the specific reservation prices of each consumer for the individual goods, we cannot determine the exact bundle price or profits.

Without this information, we cannot make a conclusive determination on whether to bundle the products or sell them separately. We would need more information about the reservation prices of each consumer for the individual goods or their willingness to pay for the bundled product in order to accurately assess the profitability of each pricing strategy.

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**AUSTRALIA BASED ANSWER ONLY**
Is an entity able to register for GST without obtaining an
Australian Business Number?

Answers

No, an entity in Australia cannot register for the Goods and Services Tax (GST) without obtaining an Australian Business Number (ABN).

The ABN is a unique identifier for businesses in Australia, and it is required to register for GST.

A unique 11-digit identification code known as the Australian Business Number (ABN) is provided by the Australian Business Register (ABR), which is managed by the Australian Taxation Office (ATO). The ABN was implemented on July 1st, 2000, as part of a comprehensive tax reform that also saw the implementation of a GST under John Howard's Liberal administration.

Each entity that conducts business in Australia is required by law to have an ABN, and the ABN must appear on all tax invoices and other papers relating to taxes that are issued by the entity. The Registrar of the ABR, who is also the Commissioner of Taxation, is responsible for maintaining the Australian Business Register (ABR). While the Commissioner of Taxation assigns the entity a tax file number, the Registrar registers entities and supplies them with an ABN.

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Investments with Single Rate of Return: Assume that you have the opportunity to buy a piece of land today for $100,000 and expect to sell it for $350,000 at the end of 25 years. What is your rate of return (annual compounding) on this investment? NOTE - Enter your answer as a percentage instead of a decimal. Ex: (1% instead of 0.01) Round to the nearest two-decimal-places.

Answers

The rate of return on this investment is approximately 0.8706, or 87.06% when expressed as a percentage (rounded to the nearest two decimal places).

To calculate the rate of return on this investment, we can use the compound interest formula:
Rate of Return = ((Final Value / Initial Value) ^ (1 / Number of Years)) - 1
Plugging in the values given:
Rate of Return = (($350,000 / $100,000) ^ (1 / 25)) - 1
Calculating this expression gives us:
Rate of Return = (3.5 ^ 0.04) - 1
Simplifying further:
Rate of Return = 1.8706 - 1
Therefore, the rate of return on this investment is approximately 0.8706, or 87.06% when expressed as a percentage (rounded to the nearest two decimal places).

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q7:
Dana, vice president of sales at XYZ, manages a sales team of fifteen employees.
Members of Dana's sales force vary in experience level. Six members of the sales team have worked at XYZ for less than one year. The other nine salespeople have been with XYZ anywhere from four to seven years. Dana recently received the annual sales report and noticed that sales have been dropping steadily over the last year. Dana is considering the idea of providing training to her sales team as a way to boost sales.
All of the following questions are relevant to Dana's decision to implement a training program for her sales team EXCEPT ________.
Select one:
a. What were the results of attitude surveys distributed to the sales team?
b. Does every salesperson understand what his or her performance standards are?
c. What methods are used for recruiting and interviewing individuals for sales positions?
d. What tools are available to sales team members to help them work efficiently?

Answers

Dana, the Vice President of sales at XYZ, manages a sales team of fifteen employees. Six members of the sales team have worked at XYZ for less than one year. The other nine salespeople have been with XYZ anywhere from four to seven years.

Dana recently received the annual sales report and noticed that sales have been dropping steadily over the last year. Dana is considering the idea of providing training to her sales team as a way to boost sales. All of the following questions are relevant to Dana's decision to implement a training program for her sales team except "What methods are used for recruiting and interviewing individuals for sales positions?" The given question is a part of the Principles of Marketing course that describes the importance of training sales employees to improve sales growth.

Employee training helps the team members to develop their skills, knowledge and helps to improve their job performance and job satisfaction. It also helps the team members to learn new things and become more productive to achieve the organizational goals. The answer to the given question is option c. "What methods are used for recruiting and interviewing individuals for sales positions?" because this question is related to the process of recruitment and has nothing to do with the training of the existing sales team. Therefore, it is irrelevant to Dana's decision to implement a training program for her sales team.

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If you paid off a loan by making $ 250 payments monthly for 7 years, and the APR was 6.64 % , then how much was the initial loan amount?

Answers

The initial loan amount was $15,091.43.

To calculate the initial loan amount, we can use the formula for the present value of an annuity. The monthly payments of $250 over a period of 7 years can be considered as an annuity. The formula for the present value of an annuity is PV = PMT * [(1 - (1 + r)^(-n)) / r], where PV is the present value (initial loan amount), PMT is the periodic payment ($250), r is the interest rate per period (6.64% divided by 12 to get the monthly rate), and n is the number of periods (7 years multiplied by 12 to get the number of months).

Substituting the given values into the formula, we have PV = 250 * [(1 - (1 + 0.0664/12)^(-7*12)) / (0.0664/12)]. Solving this equation gives us PV = $15,091.43. Therefore, the initial loan amount was $15,091.43.

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Hey I need a response to these discussions thank you
In your replies to at least two peers, address the following
questions:
What specific initiative, practice, or change to your peer's
evaluated practice, or change to your peer's evaluated practice could improve community or employee support?
What are the benefits and risks of implementing your suggested initiative, practice, or change?
If you were the primary decision-maker, would you implement your suggested initiative, practice, or change? In other words, do you feel the benefits outweigh the risks? Why or why not?
Hello everyone,
I will be discussing the reasons a company may outsource supplies instead of buying from local suppliers. The main reasons a company chooses to outsource supplies are to save time, money, and resources. Many businesses think this is the most efficient way to receive supplies, but there are potential negative repercussions to outsourcing as well.
With outsourcing there is a high possibility of delay in service delivery, hidden charges, and quality issues. Additionally, outsourcing does not help promote local businesses or provide additional jobs for those in the community. International suppliers may not operate following your business code of ethics, which could lead to a bad reputation and/or employee loss.
Local sourcing may be a better option for a company in the long run. It allows you to demonstrate investment in your local community, allows you to see what you are paying for ahead of time, has a better predictability of delivery times, and is a simpler process overall.
-Christen
Hello everyone
The practice I picked for this discussion is, employee pay is low.
There are thousands of reasons companies don't pay their employee a lot and this is fairly common in retail. They are looking to cut wage payable costs, aren't looking for talented people, investing in other crucial departments, or are appealing to cheap employees that don't have an education. In retail, every penny counts so if they increase wages the money must be cut from somewhere else. One of the main reasons retail businesses practice low wages for employees is because they are not seeking talent. To be a retail employee you just need common sense and follow the basic unwritten rules of any job. Show up on time and perform the simple task you are given. Anyone can do this there is no degree or education required, and since anyone can do this that means they can hire anyone. Since no one special is needed to perform the job they don't need to make the job enticing because there are plenty of people that will be looking for jobs that don't have the necessary skills required to get better-paying jobs. For example, most retail jobs are held by teenagers or young adults because they are still acquiring job skills and are willing to take low pay jobs because they don't have the knowledge to perform tasks for higher-paying jobs or need a job with flexible hours that can work with their schedule. Because of the low pay, many retail employees have little to no work ethic and dislike their jobs, creating high turnover rates for businesses.
Big chain stores are starting to see the repercussions of low wages as the world changes. As more and more AI technology is being introduced the need for talented employees able to use and learn new tech quickly to satisfy new systems and customers are growing increasingly important. The way of business is changing as well, customer service and satisfaction are more important than ever but if employees don't find their job meaningful then they'll take no initiative to go above and beyond to satisfy each customer.
-Ashley

Answers

Employee development programs play a crucial role in enhancing the skills, knowledge, and performance of employees within an organization. These programs provide opportunities for employees to learn and grow, ultimately benefiting both the employees and the company.

Response to Christen:

I agree with your assessment of the potential negative repercussions of outsourcing supplies instead of sourcing locally. While outsourcing may seem like a cost-effective option, it can lead to delays, hidden charges, and quality issues. Additionally, it may not align with the company's ethics and values, which can affect its reputation and employee morale.

To improve community and employee support, one specific initiative could be to prioritize local sourcing whenever possible. This can be achieved by establishing relationships with local suppliers, conducting thorough evaluations of their capabilities and reliability, and negotiating mutually beneficial contracts. By sourcing locally, the company can demonstrate its commitment to the community, support local businesses, and contribute to job creation.

The benefits of implementing local sourcing include better predictability of delivery times, improved quality control as the company can directly oversee production processes, and a positive impact on the local economy. It also fosters a sense of community involvement and builds stronger relationships with local stakeholders.

However, there are also risks associated with local sourcing, such as potentially higher costs compared to outsourcing, limited supplier options in certain regions, and the need for careful supplier selection and management. It's important for the company to evaluate these risks and weigh them against the benefits.

As the primary decision-maker, I would implement the suggested initiative of prioritizing local sourcing. The benefits of supporting the local community, ensuring better quality control, and fostering positive relationships with local suppliers outweigh the risks. By investing in the community and aligning with ethical practices, the company can enhance its reputation, build trust among employees and customers, and contribute to long-term sustainability.

Response to Ashley:

You've provided a comprehensive analysis of the reasons behind low employee pay in retail and the associated challenges it creates. It is true that many retail positions do not require advanced skills or education, which can contribute to lower wages. However, as you rightly mentioned, the changing business landscape and the increasing importance of customer service and new technologies call for a shift in this approach.

To improve employee support and address the challenges related to low wages, one suggested initiative could be to invest in employee development programs. By providing training opportunities and career advancement paths, the company can attract and retain talented individuals who are willing to learn and adapt to new technologies. This investment in employee growth not only enhances their job satisfaction but also equips them with the skills necessary to meet evolving customer needs.

The benefits of implementing employee development programs include increased employee engagement and motivation, reduced turnover rates, improved customer service, and the ability to adapt to technological advancements. Employees who feel valued and see opportunities for growth are more likely to take initiative, go above and beyond their basic responsibilities, and contribute to the company's success. However, there are risks associated with implementing such programs, including initial costs for training and development, potential resistance from employees who may be resistant to change, and the need for effective program management to ensure its success.

If I were the primary decision-maker, I would implement the suggested initiative of investing in employee development programs. The benefits of attracting talented individuals, improving employee satisfaction and motivation, and meeting the changing demands of the business outweigh the risks. By investing in employees' growth and recognizing their potential, the company can create a more engaged and skilled workforce, resulting in improved customer satisfaction and overall business performance.

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the expected return and volatility for the market portfolio are 0.12 and 0.27, respectively. The current T-Bill rate is 0.03. What is the expected return of a portfolio consisting of $35,000 in the market portfolio and $34,000 in T-Bills? Enter your answer as a decimal and 4 decimal places. For example, if your answer is 6.75%, enter .0675.

Answers

The expected return of the portfolio consisting of $35,000 in the market portfolio and $34,000 in T-Bills is 0.1076.

To calculate the expected return of the portfolio, we need to weigh the expected return of each asset by its proportion in the portfolio.

The expected return of the market portfolio is given as 0.12, and the expected return of T-Bills is equal to the T-Bill rate, which is 0.03.

First, we calculate the weighted return of the market portfolio:
Weighted return of market portfolio = (Amount in market portfolio / Total portfolio value) * Expected return of market portfolio
= ($35,000 / ($35,000 + $34,000)) * 0.12

Next, we calculate the weighted return of T-Bills:
Weighted return of T-Bills = (Amount in T-Bills / Total portfolio value) * T-Bill rate
= ($34,000 / ($35,000 + $34,000)) * 0.03

Finally, we sum up the weighted returns of the market portfolio and T-Bills to get the expected return of the overall portfolio:
Expected return of portfolio = Weighted return of market portfolio + Weighted return of T-Bills

By substituting the calculated values, we get:
Expected return of portfolio = 0.1076

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c) A share has just paid a dividend of $2.00 yesterday. The dividend will be paid every year for the same amount for the foreseeable future. The rate of return is 12.5% p.a. effective. Calculate the price of the share in 3 years. (Round your answer to the nearest cent.)

Answers

The price of the share in 3 years would be $16.00.

To calculate the price of the share in 3 years, we can use the concept of present value. Since the dividend is paid annually and remains constant, we can use the perpetuity formula.

The perpetuity formula is a mathematical equation used to calculate the present value of a stream of cash flows that continue indefinitely into the future at a constant rate. It is commonly used when valuing assets or investments that generate a consistent cash flow over an extended period of time.

The price of the share can be calculated as follows:

Price = Dividend / Rate of Return

In this case, the dividend is $2.00, and the rate of return is 12.5% (or 0.125 in decimal form).

Price = $2.00 / 0.125 = $16.00

Therefore, the price of the share in 3 years would be $16.00.

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Hand-To-Mouth (H2M) Is Currently Cash-Constrained, And Must Make A Decision About Whether To Delay Paying One Of Its Suppliers, Or Take Out A Loan. They Owe The Supplier $12,500 With Terms Of 2.4/10 Net 40 , So The Supplier Will Give Them A 2.4% Discount If They Pay By Today (When The Discount Period Expires). Alternatively, They Can Pay The Full $12,500 In

Answers

Hand-To-Mouth (H2M) is currently cash-constrained and needs to make a decision regarding whether to delay payment to a supplier or take out a loan. The supplier is owed $12,500 with terms of 2.4/10 net 40, which means that H2M can receive a 2.4% discount if they pay within 10 days.

To decide between the two options, H2M needs to consider the cost of the loan versus the discount they would receive by paying the supplier early.

If H2M decides to take out a loan, they need to evaluate the interest rate and any additional fees associated with the loan. This will help them determine the total cost of the loan.

On the other hand, if H2M decides to pay the supplier early, they will save 2.4% of $12,500, which is $300.

H2M should compare the cost of the loan with the savings from the discount. If the cost of the loan is lower than the savings, it might be more beneficial for H2M to take out the loan and pay the supplier within the discount period. However, if the savings from the discount are higher than the cost of the loan, H2M should pay the supplier early to take advantage of the discount.

By evaluating these factors, H2M can make an informed decision on whether to delay payment or take out a loan.

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How much would $1, growing at 12.0% per year, be worth after 75 years?
Oa. $4,913.06
Ob. $4,077.84
c. $4,863.93
Od. $4,126.97
Oe. $4,716.53

Answers

The value of $1, growing at 12.0% per year, would be worth $4,913.06 after 75 years.Option A is the correct answer. Option A $4,913.06 is the correct answer.

To determine the value of $1 after 75 years, at an annual interest rate of 12%, we will use the compound interest formula, which is represented as:A = P(1 + r/n)^(nt)where,A is the Amount P is the principal (initial amount) used to invest is the annual interest rate n is the number of times the interest is compounded per year.t is the time in Years To calculate the amount, we will substitute the given values in the formula. Therefore,P = $1r = 12% = 0.12n = 1t = 75 Years Therefore, A = 1(1 + 0.12/1)^(1 × 75)

A = $4,913.06. Therefore, the value of $1, growing at 12.0% per year, would be worth $4,913.06 after 75 years.Option A is the correct answer.

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ABF'S Juan is considering two independent projects. Project A costs $72,500 and has projected cash flows of $18.700. $46,300 and $12.200 for Years 1 to 3 respectively. Project B costs $72,500 and has cash flows of $10,600, $15,800, and $67,900 for Years 1 to 3, respectively. Juan assigns a discount rate of 10 percent to Project A and 12 percent to Project B. Which project or projects, if either, should he accept based on the profitability index rule?
A. Accept both projects
B. Accept Project A and reject Project b
C. Reject both projects
D. Accept either A or B, but not both

Answers

Juan should accept Project B and reject Project A based on the profitability index rule. The profitability index for Project B is greater than 1 and the profitability index for Project A is less than 1.

The profitability index (PI) is calculated by dividing the present value of future cash flows that will be generated by the project by the initial cost of the project. A profitability index of 1 shows that the project will break even. If it is less than 1, the costs offset the benefits. If it is above 1, the venture should be profitable¹.

For Project A, we can calculate the present value of future cash flows using a discount rate of 10% as follows:

PV = $18,700/(1+0.10)^1 + $46,300/(1+0.10)^2 + $12,200/(1+0.10)^3 = $62,000

For Project B, we can calculate the present value of future cash flows using a discount rate of 12% as follows:

PV = $10,600/(1+0.12)^1 + $15,800/(1+0.12)^2 + $67,900/(1+0.12)^3 = $73,000

The profitability index for Project A is calculated as follows:

PI = PV/Initial cost = $62,000/$72,500 = 0.86

The profitability index for Project B is calculated as follows:

PI = PV/Initial cost = $73,000/$72,500 = 1.01

Since Project B has a profitability index greater than 1 and Project A has a profitability index less than 1, Juan should accept Project B and reject Project A¹. Therefore, the answer is **B. Accept Project A and reject Project B**.

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The goal of value engineering and value analysis is to:
A) Perform a function at the same or an improved level while reducing costs.
B) Analyze the value-added from engineering services and production.
C) Analyze functions to satisfy all needed quality requirements at any cost.
D) Define the value of a function in technically accurate and precise language.
E) Perform a function at an improved level at the same cost.

Answers

A) The goal of value engineering and value analysis is to perform a function at the same or an improved level while reducing costs.

Value engineering and value analysis aim to achieve the same or better functionality while reducing costs. By evaluating various aspects, such as design, materials, processes, and functions, they seek opportunities for cost reduction without compromising performance. The goal is to optimize value by identifying areas where improvements can be made or unnecessary expenses can be eliminated, ultimately enhancing efficiency and economic viability. The approach involves analyzing the value-added aspects of engineering services and production, eliminating non-value-added components, and finding innovative solutions to enhance value without incurring additional expenses. The objective is not simply to satisfy quality requirements at any cost ( C) or to define the value of a function in technical language ( D). It focuses on achieving improved performance at the same or reduced costs ( E).

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Pisa Purza, a seler of froren pizm, is considering introducing a heathier version of ts pizza that will be low in cholesterol and contain no trans fats. The firm expects that saies of the new pizza will bo $25 milion per year. While many of these sales will be to new customers, Piso Piza estimatos that 48% wil corne from customers who switch to the new heathief pirra instead of buying the original version. a. Assume customen wil spend the same amount on either version. What level of inceremental sales is associaled with introducing the nerw pizra? noremental sajes is assocised with intoducing the new pizza in this case? a. Assume customers will spend the same amount on ester version. What level of incremental sules is associated with introducing the new piaza? The incremental sales are 5 milion. (Round to two decimw places)

Answers

The level of incremental sales associated with introducing the new pizza is $12 million.

To calculate the level of incremental sales associated with introducing the new pizza, we need to determine the sales generated from customers who switch to the healthier version instead of buying the original version.

Given that Pisa Purza estimates that 48% of sales will come from customers who switch to the new pizza,

we can calculate the incremental sales as follows:

Incremental sales = Total sales * Percentage of customers switching to the new pizza

Using the given information, the total sales of the new pizza are $25 million per year.

Incremental sales = $25 million * 0.48 = $12 million

Therefore, the level of incremental sales associated with introducing the new pizza is $12 million.

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Describe a time when you use distributive or integrative
negotiation ineffectively. What went wrong?

Answers

One instance where I used distributive or integrative negotiation ineffectively was during a salary negotiation. I focused too much on my own interests and failed to consider the other party's perspective.

During the negotiation, I approached it with a win-lose mindset, aiming to secure the highest possible salary for myself. I neglected to actively listen to the concerns and needs of the other party, which hindered the development of a mutually beneficial agreement. This lack of collaboration and empathy created a contentious atmosphere and limited the potential for creative problem-solving.

By failing to adopt an integrative approach, I missed opportunities to explore alternative solutions that could have satisfied both parties' interests. The negotiation became an adversarial process, leading to frustration and tension. In hindsight, I realize the importance of adopting a collaborative mindset, actively seeking common ground, and fostering open communication to achieve more effective outcomes in negotiations.

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Environment, which the business has to be a good citizen in and the more money a business makes the more it can offer to keep the environment cleaner. Community, which benefits from taxes, upkeep of property and property values, and general membership in the community. Competition, because a well run business gives everyone in the industry a good reputation. Stockholders/owners to whom the business provides profits.If/when you own your own business, what will be your social responsibility policy? Please write a 500 - 750 word social responsibility policy that you would include in your employee handbook. What responsibilities will the company take on to support some or all of the stakeholders? What will be the employee part? What is expected from suppliers, if anything? What is expected from the stockholders/owners if anything? Please make this policy as specific as possible. 2. What are the basic components of a job description? Briefly describe each. What specific idea from psychology do you think you will beusing on a regular basis in future years? Explain the concept andwhy it will be useful. A 10-mh inductor is connected in series with a 10-ohm resistor, a switch and a 6-volt battery. how long after the switch is closed will the current reach 99 percent of its final value? -describes one healthy lifestyle practice that you have implemented (or attempted) during the past 2 years. Include What motivated you? What barriers did you encounter? What was helpful? What advice would you offer to a patient who needs to make lifestyle changes and expressed interest in doing so, but does not know where to begin? A compass needle has a magnetic dipole moment of |u| = 0.75A.m^2 . It is immersed in a uniform magnetic field of |B| = 3.00.10^-5T. How much work is required to rotate this compass needle from being aligned with the magnetic field to pointing opposite to the magnetic field? Osteocytes, osteoblasts and osteoclasts.1. What are their functions?2. How do they work together in the skeletal system?3. What is bone resorption?4. What is bond deposition?5. What is bone remodeling? Can you please write for INDIA (briefly):1. INBOUND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS.2. OUTBOUND FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENTS.Note: Not the definition. at least 250-300 words. Please provide data with references too.(REPORT ON BALANCE OF PAYMENTS)BIBM332: INTERNATIONAL FINANCE Two vessels draw near to each other below the surface of water. The first vessel (vess A) moves at a speed of 8.000 m/s. It produces a communication wave at a frequency of 1.400 x 10 Hz. The wave moves at a speed of 1.533 x 10 m/s. The other vessel (vess B) moves towards vess A at a speed of 9.000 m/s. (a) Calculate the frequency detected by vess B as the vessels approach each other. (b) As the vessels go past each other, calculate the frequency detected by vess B. (c) As the vessels move toward each other, some of the waves from vess A reflects from vess B and is detected by vess A. Calculate the frequency detected by vess A. what does DOC stand for in here?Indication DOC in adults/children except in thyroid storm and first trimester of pregnancy (see PTU). Once-daily dosing can improve adherence DOC in thyroid storm, first trimester of pregnancy GEOMETRY 40POINTSTY (5 points) In a harmonic oscillator, the spacing energy AE between the quantized energy levels is 4 eV. What is the energy of the ground state? O a 4eV Oblev O c. 2 eV O d. 0 eV